XSS

Cross-Site Scripting XSS Explained

HxHippy

27 Nov 2025 — 1 min read

Cross-Site Scripting allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users, leading to session hijacking and data theft.

Types of XSS

Reflected XSS: Script comes from the current HTTP request via malicious links.

Stored XSS: Script permanently stored on the target server affecting all viewers.

DOM-Based XSS: Vulnerability in client-side code, payload never reaches server.

Real-World Impact

Session cookie theft and account takeover
Keylogging user input
Phishing within trusted context
Malware distribution
Website defacement

Prevention Strategies

Output Encoding: Encode data based on context
Content Security Policy: Prevent inline script execution
Input Validation: Sanitize all user input
HTTPOnly Cookies: Prevent JavaScript access to session cookies
Modern Frameworks: React, Angular, Vue have built-in protections

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